Re: Gender Testing in Sports
Posted: Fri Dec 22, 2006 8:36 am
Gender Testing in Sports
Part VI – Urine Drug Test in Sports
Gender testing in sports was stopped because an expert panel of physicians concluded that the Barr body test and checking for the SRY gene had significant problems as tools for gender verification of athletes. The proposed solution was to use trained observers to notice the external genitalia for any abnormality during the collection of urine for drug testing of athletes and asking a panel of medical experts to determine the correct gender, in case of any suspicion due to abnormal genitalia.
Urine drug testing is done to detect athletes who have used banned performance-enhancing drugs during or prior to the competition. Athletes have occasionally used various devices to pass off urine belonging to someone else as their own. Some athletes have attached a urine-filled plastic bag to their body and tubing attached to the bag ends near their genitalia and fraud is thus committed. An athlete at the 2004 Olympics attempted to defraud the test with a novel device that was not readily apparent to the observer. The athlete had a bulb of urine hidden in his rectum, with clear plastic tubing laced between his legs and attached underneath his penis. A valve permitted him to squeeze the bulb and he appeared to be urinating into a container. Some athletes have been rumored to replace their urine with clean urine in their urinary bladder by inserting a catheter through the urethra. Both male and female athletes have been caught cheating during urine drug testing.
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) has set up elaborate rules for observation of the athletes during the urine collection process. The medal winners, the fourth place finisher and random non-medal participants in individual sports are usually chosen to supply urine for drug testing. Over 100,000 sportsperson are tested worldwide annually at a cost of several million dollars.
The urine collection procedure requires the athlete to go into a bathroom, pull up the upper garment up to the chest and pull down the lower garment to the knees, turn 360 degrees in front of the trained observer (of the same sex as the athlete) and urinate into a container while the observer witnesses the stream of urine. This procedure is applicable to both male and female sportsperson.
Part VI – Urine Drug Test in Sports
Gender testing in sports was stopped because an expert panel of physicians concluded that the Barr body test and checking for the SRY gene had significant problems as tools for gender verification of athletes. The proposed solution was to use trained observers to notice the external genitalia for any abnormality during the collection of urine for drug testing of athletes and asking a panel of medical experts to determine the correct gender, in case of any suspicion due to abnormal genitalia.
Urine drug testing is done to detect athletes who have used banned performance-enhancing drugs during or prior to the competition. Athletes have occasionally used various devices to pass off urine belonging to someone else as their own. Some athletes have attached a urine-filled plastic bag to their body and tubing attached to the bag ends near their genitalia and fraud is thus committed. An athlete at the 2004 Olympics attempted to defraud the test with a novel device that was not readily apparent to the observer. The athlete had a bulb of urine hidden in his rectum, with clear plastic tubing laced between his legs and attached underneath his penis. A valve permitted him to squeeze the bulb and he appeared to be urinating into a container. Some athletes have been rumored to replace their urine with clean urine in their urinary bladder by inserting a catheter through the urethra. Both male and female athletes have been caught cheating during urine drug testing.
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) has set up elaborate rules for observation of the athletes during the urine collection process. The medal winners, the fourth place finisher and random non-medal participants in individual sports are usually chosen to supply urine for drug testing. Over 100,000 sportsperson are tested worldwide annually at a cost of several million dollars.
The urine collection procedure requires the athlete to go into a bathroom, pull up the upper garment up to the chest and pull down the lower garment to the knees, turn 360 degrees in front of the trained observer (of the same sex as the athlete) and urinate into a container while the observer witnesses the stream of urine. This procedure is applicable to both male and female sportsperson.